Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of TracCgi


Ignore:
Timestamp:
Nov 27, 2008 1:30:31 AM (16 years ago)
Author:
trac
Comment:

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  • TracCgi

    v1 v1  
     1= Installing Trac as CGI =
     2
     3To install Trac as a CGI script, you need to make the `trac.cgi` executable as a CGI by your web server.
     4
     5{{{
     6#!div class=important
     7  ''Please note that using Trac via CGI is significantly slower than any other deployment method, such as [TracModPython mod_python] or [TracFastCgi FastCGI] or even [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp IIS/AJP] on Windows.''
     8}}}
     9
     10If you're using [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache HTTPD], there are a couple ways to do that:
     11
     12 1. Use a `ScriptAlias` to map a URL to the `trac.cgi` script
     13 2. Copy the `trac.cgi` file into the directory for CGI executables used by your web server (commonly named `cgi-bin`). A word of warning, copying the file directly from the repository onto a windows server 2003 machine created difficulties. Rather create a new text file and cut and copy the text into the newly created file. You can also create a symbolic link, but in that case make sure that the `FollowSymLinks` option is enabled for the `cgi-bin` directory.
     14
     15The first option is recommended as it also allows you to map the CGI to a friendly URL.
     16
     17Now, edit the Apache configuration file and add this snippet, file names and locations changed to match your installation:
     18{{{
     19ScriptAlias /trac /usr/share/trac/cgi-bin/trac.cgi
     20}}}
     21
     22 ''Note that this directive requires the `mod_alias` module to be installed and enabled.''
     23
     24If you're using Trac with a single project you need to set its location using the `TRAC_ENV` environment variable:
     25{{{
     26<Location "/trac">
     27  SetEnv TRAC_ENV "/path/to/projectenv"
     28</Location>
     29}}}
     30
     31Or to use multiple projects you can specify their common parent directory using the `TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR` variable:
     32{{{
     33<Location "/trac">
     34  SetEnv TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR "/path/to/project/parent/dir"
     35</Location>
     36}}}
     37
     38 ''Note that the `SetEnv` directive requires the `mod_env` module to be installed and enable. If not, you could set TRAC_ENV in trac.cgi. Just add the following code between "try:" and "from trac.web ...":''
     39
     40{{{
     41    import os
     42    os.environ['TRAC_ENV'] = "/path/to/projectenv"
     43}}}
     44
     45 '' Or for TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR: ''
     46
     47{{{
     48    import os
     49    os.environ['TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR'] = "/path/to/project/parent/dir"
     50}}}
     51
     52This will make Trac available at `http://yourhost.example.org/trac`.
     53
     54If you are using the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html Apache suEXEC] feature please see [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/ApacheSuexec].
     55
     56On some systems, you ''may'' need to edit the shebang line in the `trac.cgi` file to point to your real Python installation path. On a Windows system you may need to configure Windows to know how to execute a .cgi file (Explorer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> File Types -> CGI).
     57
     58== Mapping Static Resources ==
     59
     60Out of the box, Trac will serve static resources such as style sheets or images itself. For a CGI setup, though, this is highly undesirable, because it results in the CGI script being invoked for documents that could be much more efficiently served by the web server directly.
     61
     62Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache HTTPD] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, thereby giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily bear any resemblance to the layout of the servers file system. We already used this capability above when defining a `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script, and we'll use it now to map requests to the static resources to the directory on the file system that contains them, thereby bypassing the processing of such requests by the CGI script.
     63
     64Edit the Apache configuration file again and add the following snippet '''before''' the `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script , file names and locations changed to match your installation:
     65{{{
     66Alias /trac/chrome/common /usr/share/trac/htdocs
     67<Directory "/usr/share/trac/htdocs">
     68  Order allow,deny
     69  Allow from all
     70</Directory>
     71}}}
     72
     73Note that whatever URL path you mapped the `trac.cgi` script to, the path `/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources.
     74
     75For example, if Trac is mapped to `/cgi-bin/trac.cgi` on your server, the URL of the Alias should be `/cgi-bin/trac.cgi/chrome/common`.
     76
     77Similarly, if you have static resources in a projects htdocs directory, you can configure apache to serve those resources (again, put this '''before''' the `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
     78
     79{{{
     80Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
     81<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
     82  Order allow,deny
     83  Allow from all
     84</Directory>
     85}}}
     86
     87Alternatively, you can set the `htdocs_location` configuration option in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]:
     88{{{
     89[trac]
     90htdocs_location = /trac-htdocs
     91}}}
     92
     93Trac will then use this URL when embedding static resources into HTML pages. Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
     94{{{
     95$ ln -s /usr/share/trac/htdocs /var/www/your_site.com/htdocs/trac-htdocs
     96}}}
     97
     98Note that in order to get this `htdocs` directory, you need first to extract the relevant Trac resources using the `deploy` command of TracAdmin:
     99[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
     100
     101
     102== Adding Authentication ==
     103
     104The simplest way to enable authentication with Apache is to create a password file. Use the `htpasswd` program to create the password file:
     105{{{
     106$ htpasswd -c /somewhere/trac.htpasswd admin
     107New password: <type password>
     108Re-type new password: <type password again>
     109Adding password for user admin
     110}}}
     111
     112After the first user, you dont need the "-c" option anymore:
     113{{{
     114$ htpasswd /somewhere/trac.htpasswd john
     115New password: <type password>
     116Re-type new password: <type password again>
     117Adding password for user john
     118}}}
     119
     120  ''See the man page for `htpasswd` for full documentation.''
     121
     122After you've created the users, you can set their permissions using TracPermissions.
     123
     124Now, you'll need to enable authentication against the password file in the Apache configuration:
     125{{{
     126<Location "/trac/login">
     127  AuthType Basic
     128  AuthName "Trac"
     129  AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
     130  Require valid-user
     131</Location>
     132}}}
     133
     134If you're hosting multiple projects you can use the same password file for all of them:
     135{{{
     136<LocationMatch "/trac/[^/]+/login">
     137  AuthType Basic
     138  AuthName "Trac"
     139  AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
     140  Require valid-user
     141</LocationMatch>
     142}}}
     143
     144For better security, it is recommended that you either enable SSL or at least use the “digest” authentication scheme instead of “Basic”. Please read the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/ Apache HTTPD documentation] to find out more. For example, on a Debian 4.0r1 (etch) system the relevant section  in apache configuration can look like this:
     145{{{
     146<Location "/trac/login">
     147    LoadModule auth_digest_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_auth_digest.so
     148    AuthType Digest
     149    AuthName "trac"
     150    AuthDigestDomain /trac
     151    AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
     152    Require valid-user
     153</Location>
     154}}}
     155and you'll have to create your .htpasswd file with htdigest instead of htpasswd as follows:
     156{{{
     157# htdigest /somewhere/trac.htpasswd trac admin
     158}}}
     159where the "trac" parameter above is the same as !AuthName above  ("Realm" in apache-docs).
     160
     161----
     162See also:  TracGuide, TracInstall, TracFastCgi, TracModPython